A B S T R A C TThe purpose of this study is to measure the level of sustainability of residential complexes in Gorgan and to identify the impact of social capital and its dimensions on the concept of housing sustainability. The research method is descriptive and survey type. The statistical population of the research includes all the residential complexes of Gorgan city, of which 268 cases were determined using Cochran's formula as a statistical sample and were selected and studied using the two-stage cluster sampling method.. A researcher-made questionnaire with an answer package was used to collect data. Its validity was confirmed using the formal method and its reliability using Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the concept of social capital (α = 0.879) and housing sustainability (α = 0.810), respectively. The findings showed that there is a significant positive relationship between social capital and its dimensions with the dependent variable, i.e. housing sustainability variable and its four dimensions. The results showed that the integrated model in the present study was able to explain the relationship between social capital and the concept of housing sustainability to an acceptable extent. Therefore, this model can be useful for other urban areas of the countryExtended AbstractIntroductionThe home is the source and destination of all human life; and man leaves it for work and social activity, and after doing it and gaining experience, he returns home. Therefore, the category of housing is a broad and complex category that has various dimensions. This concept, in addition to the place in the physical concept, includes all the services and facilities needed by an individual or family that need it to live. To this end, housing planning requires in-depth studies in various social, cultural and historical fields. Today, the mere attention to the economy, many human, social, indigenous and cultural values have been lost in the course of these unprincipled constructions that have grown and are growing at an unprecedented rate. Hence, housing architecture does not simply mean designing or constructing space for human life; For this reason, in housing architecture, especially social housing, apart from the design of human habitation, other dimensions of human life and habitation must also be considered. Based on what has been mentioned, in our country, today most of the economic dimension and consequently a small increase in the construction and architecture of residential complexes and other dimensions of sustainable development, including social, cultural, physical and The environment is neglected. Lack of adequate housing, as housing that has the least incompatibility with the natural environment around it and in a wider area with the region and the world; it creates problems for the city and its residents. Meanwhile, residential complexes in Gorgan are no exception to this rule. Complexes that are designed with only the economic dimension in mind, the result of which is the construction of housing in different parts of the city, which has the least coordination and compatibility with other aspects of sustainable development. Given the above, the importance of the present study, attention to the principles of sustainable development and the need to create and expand social capital for human societies, in the space that was drawn is very important. MethodologyAccording to the purpose of the research and the level of data analysis, the survey method has been used to collect data. For this purpose, a researcher-made questionnaire was used to obtain information. The statistical population of the study includes all residential complexes in Gorgan. The sample size is 268 based on Cochran's logical formula. Two-stage cluster random sampling method is used. So that the statistical population is divided into clusters and homogeneous groups and then the quota of groups or clusters is determined in proportion to the frequency distribution of each cluster. In the next step, residential complexes are selected as a statistical sample from each cluster. To verify the validity of the tool, the formal validation method (referring to professors and specialists) has been used. Cronbach's alpha method was also used to determine the reliability of the instrument. Results and discussionAccording to the results of t-test, it can be said that the social capital index is not desirable. The average of social capital index is lower than the hypothetical average. This means that the amount of social capital of the residents of residential complexes in Gorgan is not at the desired level. This is if the level of stability of residential complexes in Gorgan is at a desirable level. Also, there is a significant relationship between housing sustainability and social capital. And the order of the effect of social capital variable on the dimensions of economic, social, physical and environmental sustainability. Based on the results of the probability ratio of the Chi-square value model is less than 0.01, it can be said that the regression model is a good model in which independent variables are well able to explain the changes of the dependent variable. The results of hierarchical regression analysis showed that the estimated value of the social interaction variable is equal to 1.184, which shows that assuming the effect of all model variables remains constant, an increase in the independent social interaction variable increases by 1.184 units. In logarithmic ratios, the dependent variable (housing stability) will be associated. Prioritization of the effectiveness of the studied factors indicates that the factor of formal participation has the first place in determining the sustainability of housing. After this factor, the mental class factor is in the second place, then the residential home ownership factor is in the third place. ConclusionOne of the issues that has attracted everyone's attention in recent decades is housing and its sustainable development, which is in line with human development. An important point that has been addressed in the documents of the Second Human Settlement Summit is the importance of the role of sustainable housing and the provision of adequate housing for the people in the development process. Various factors such as architectural style, climate, geography and customs are influential in housing design in different places. In the meantime, the role of social factors or in other words social capital cannot be ignored; Because social capital is rooted in the structure and social norms of society and is generally a combination of trust, communication network, social norms and social relations at the individual and community level. Accordingly, the main purpose of this study is to measure the social capital of residents and the sustainability of residential complexes in Gorgan. Based on the results, the four dimensions of the dependent variable are affected by the social capital variable. This means that the existence of concepts such as trust, interaction, participation, etc. in residential complexes, can provide the stability of the residential complex. As long as the residents of a complex have an effective and reciprocal relationship with each other, the stability of the residential complex is provided; Residents to protect the complex facilities, provide security, visual beauty, hygiene and cleanliness, rehabilitate or create space Green and ... will interact and participate with each other.FundingThere is no funding support. Authors’ ContributionAuthors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved the content of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none. Conflict of InterestAuthors declared no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.

A B S T R A C T The current research is descriptive-analytical. In terms of purpose, it is in the category of applied research. Both library and field methods have collected the information required for this research. The statistical population of the research consisted of citizens living in Kasra, Azadi, Rezvan, Rahan, Hasht Behesht and Zeytoun residential complexes, which consisted of 6588 people, and the sample size according to the Cochran formula was 364. The study results of the studied residential complexes from the perspective of spatial connectivity indicators indicated that among the investigated complexes, Rahan residential complex had the lowest connectivity index compared to the rest of the complexes, and the highest share of this comparison goes to Kasra residential complex. From the comparison of the complexes based on the interconnection index, we conclude that the location of spaces and accesses in Rahan complex is very weak. Compared to the rest of the complexes, the location of access and communication in Kasra complex is lower. Moreover, Rezvan has been suitable and successful. It is said that the increase of connection in public spaces occurs with increase of sociability. Among the other results of this research, the spatial order component with the path coefficient value of 0.368 has the highest path coefficient among the investigated components. In the first place, the playability component with a path coefficient of 0.253 is in the second place, the multi-purpose component with a path coefficient of 231 0.0 in the third place, the security component with a path coefficient of 0.162 is in the fourth place and the environmental comfort component is in the fifth place with a path coefficient of 0.153 Extended Abstract Introduction In the public space of neighborhoods and residential environments, the issue of sociability has been less addressed. Public spaces can boost the social life of citizens by strengthening social interactions and being involved in social sustainability. The residential environment conveys the residents a sense of well-being and satisfaction through physical, social or symbolic features. In each residential complex, according to the different arrangements of the blocks in it, it is possible to reach different influential indicators of the public space in it, which, according to the way they are arranged, have different potentials from the point of view of sociability in them. Declining sociability causes many problems in relationships between people and reduces the sense of belonging to a place, security, and other issues caused by not paying attention to the quality of collective life in housing. The main question is: - What are the components of the spatial structure affecting the sociability of residential complexes in the city of Kermanshah?   Methodology The current research is descriptive-analytical. In terms of purpose, it is in the category of applied research. Two library and field methods have collected the information needed for this research. In the field method, primary data collection has been done according to the research questions by designing a 5-scale Likert scale questionnaire. The statistical population of the study consisted of citizens living in Kasra, Azadi, Rezvan, Rahan, Hasht Behesht and Zeytoun residential complexes, which consisted of 6588 people, and the sample size was estimated to be 364 people using the Cochran formula. Factors such as the ease of access to the complexes, the willingness and cooperation of the residents and the management of the complexes were also influential in selecting the samples studied in this research. In this research, in order to investigate the sociability of residential complexes based on the   theoretical framework prepared in the present research, the physical indicators affecting this issue include five indicators of "connectivity, interconnectedness, control, selection and depth" in each of The studied samples have been evaluated and analyzed in public spaces including the playground, gathering space, parking lot, and lobby. This research used Depthmap analytical software and structural equation modeling software to analyze the data.   Results and discussion In this research, the relation of sociability of public spaces of residential complexes in Kermanshah, which includes Kasra residential complex, Azadi residential complex, Rezvan residential complex, Rahan residential complex, Hasht Behesht residential complex and Zeytoun residential complex as the basis of the research case. Among the samples studied, Rahan residential complex has the lowest connectivity index compared to other complexes; the largest share of this comparison goes to Kasra residential complex. In the meantime, Zeytoun residential complex, then Azadi, Hasht Behesht and Rezvan have the lowest to the highest amount. It can be seen that the public spaces of Rahan residential complex do not have the desired level of connectivity. As the communication increases, the spaces will become more sociable. From the comparison of the complexes based on the interconnection index, we conclude that the location of the spaces and accesses in the Rahan complex is very weak and lower than the rest of the complexes. According to the numbers extracted, Zeytoun complex and following that Kasra and Rezvan complexes are at the same level of performance, and Azadi and Hasht Behesht complexes have the best performance in this aspect; the placement of access and communications in Kasra and Rezvan complexes has been appropriate and successful. It is said that the increase of connection in public spaces occurs with the increase of sociability. Among the investigated sociability components, the spatial order component with the path coefficient value of 0.368 has the highest path coefficient. In the first place the playability component with a path coefficient of 0.253 is in the second place, and the multipurpose component with a path coefficient of 0.231. In the third place, the security component, with a path coefficient of 0.162, is in the fourth place, and the environmental comfort component is in the fifth place, with a path coefficient of 0.153.     Conclusion Living in the common spaces of residential complexes allows one to be with others comfortably and effortlessly. A person can take a usual walk to be among people, sit on a bench near the door for a short time, and even sometimes look out of the window can be a worthwhile activity. In this research, an attempt was made to examine the condition of the studied residential complexes from the perspective of sociability. The results showed that Rahan residential complex had the lowest level of connectivity index compared to the rest of the complexes and the largest share of this. The comparison reaches Kasra residential complex. In the meantime, Zeytoun residential complex, then Azadi, Hasht Behesht and Rezvan have the lowest to the highest amount. It can be seen that the public spaces of Rahan residential complex do not have the desired level of connectivity. As the communication increases, the spaces will become more sociable. From the comparison of the complexes based on the interconnection index, we conclude that the location of spaces and accesses in Rahan complex is very weak. Compared to the rest of the complexes, the location of access and communication in Kasra complex is lower. And Rezvan has been suitable and successful. It is said that the increase of connection in public spaces occurs with the increase of sociability. Extended Abstract Introduction In the public space of neighborhoods and residential environments, the issue of sociability has been less addressed. Public spaces can boost the social life of citizens by strengthening social interactions and being involved in social sustainability. The residential environment conveys the residents a sense of well-being and satisfaction through physical, social or symbolic features. In each residential complex, according to the different arrangements of the blocks in it, it is possible to reach different influential indicators of the public space in it, which, according to the way they are arranged, have different potentials from the point of view of sociability in them. Declining sociability causes many problems in relationships between people and reduces the sense of belonging to a place, security, and other issues caused by not paying attention to the quality of collective life in housing. The main question is: - What are the components of the spatial structure affecting the sociability of residential complexes in the city of Kermanshah?   Methodology The current research is descriptive-analytical. In terms of purpose, it is in the category of applied research. Two library and field methods have collected the information needed for this research. In the field method, primary data collection has been done according to the research questions by designing a 5-scale Likert scale questionnaire. The statistical population of the study consisted of citizens living in Kasra, Azadi, Rezvan, Rahan, Hasht Behesht and Zeytoun residential complexes, which consisted of 6588 people, and the sample size was estimated to be 364 people using the Cochran formula. Factors such as the ease of access to the complexes, the willingness and cooperation of the residents and the management of the complexes were also influential in selecting the samples studied in this research. In this research, in order to investigate the sociability of residential complexes based on the theoretical framework prepared in the present research, the physical indicators affecting this issue include five indicators of "connectivity, interconnectedness, control, selection and depth" in each of The studied samples have been evaluated and analyzed in public spaces including the playground, gathering space, parking lot, and lobby. This research used Depthmap analytical software and structural equation modeling software to analyze the data.   Results and discussion In this research, the relation of sociability of public spaces of residential complexes in Kermanshah, which includes Kasra residential complex, Azadi residential complex, Rezvan residential complex, Rahan residential complex, Hasht Behesht residential complex and Zeytoun residential complex as the basis of the research case. Among the samples studied, Rahan residential complex has the lowest connectivity index compared to other complexes; the largest share of this comparison goes to Kasra residential complex. In the meantime, Zeytoun residential complex, then Azadi, Hasht Behesht and Rezvan have the lowest to the highest amount. It can be seen that the public spaces of Rahan residential complex do not have the desired level of connectivity. As the communication increases, the spaces will become more sociable. From the comparison of the complexes based on the interconnection index, we conclude that the location of the spaces and accesses in the Rahan complex is very weak and lower than the rest of the complexes. According to the numbers extracted, Zeytoun complex and following that Kasra and Rezvan complexes are at the same level of performance, and Azadi and Hasht Behesht complexes have the best performance in this aspect; the placement of access and communications in Kasra and Rezvan complexes has been appropriate and successful. It is said that the increase of connection in public spaces occurs with the increase of sociability. Among the investigated sociability components, the spatial order component with the path coefficient value of 0.368 has the highest path coefficient. In the first place the playability component with a path coefficient of 0.253 is in the second place, and the multipurpose component with a path coefficient of 0.231. In the third place, the security component, with a path coefficient of 0.162, is in the fourth place, and the environmental comfort component is in the fifth place, with a path coefficient of 0.153.     Conclusion Living in the common spaces of residential complexes allows one to be with others comfortably and effortlessly. A person can take a usual walk to be among people, sit on a bench near the door for a short time, and even sometimes look out of the window can be a worthwhile activity. In this research, an attempt was made to examine the condition of the studied residential complexes from the perspective of sociability. The results showed that Rahan residential complex had the lowest level of connectivity index compared to the rest of the complexes and the largest share of this. The comparison reaches Kasra residential complex. In the meantime, Zeytoun residential complex, then Azadi, Hasht Behesht and Rezvan have the lowest to the highest amount. It can be seen that the public spaces of Rahan residential complex do not have the desired level of connectivity. As the communication increases, the spaces will become more sociable. From the comparison of the complexes based on the interconnection index, we conclude that the location of spaces and accesses in Rahan complex is very weak. Compared to the rest of the complexes, the location of access and communication in Kasra complex is lower. And Rezvan has been suitable and successful. It is said that the increase of connection in public spaces occurs with the increase of sociability.

Over the last decades of the twentieth century and early in twenty-first, sustainability has been one of the most prominent discussions in different fields, especially in the field of architecture and urban spaces. It can be balanced through putting the 3 elements economy, environmental and society together. The economic aspect is typically respected because of financial and profit reasons by capitalists, although it is often overly noticed and some problems may arise from that. Environmental subjects also have standards and are noticed differently according to each society. But the social aspect of development is neglected. In the present paper, social sustainability bases including equity justice, aesthetic value, comfort, welfare, children safety and growth, social identity and other similar issues are to be considered. For this purpose, the social sustainability of residential complexes is surveyed by Iranian specialists and social scientists, to record and combine their valuable academic and professional experiences on the one hand, and their experiences of living in a residential complex on the other. Then, through analyzing the resulting ideas, the factors effective on the sustainability bases of residential complexes are extracted. This is a geodesic research of an exploratory geodesic type which is performed on the basis of analysis, description and extraction of questionnaire outcomes and discovery of sustainability bases and relations among them, according to social scientists, in order to determine theoretical sustainability bases of residential complexes. In the next step, through comparing it with external evidence, it would be possible to identify scientific principles and architectural solutions. This purpose will be accomplished through regional research and organizing a questionnaire for such complexes. These matters will come under consideration later.

By passing time and changing human’s life style, green spaces and nature are still considered as inseparable elements of human’s life, which have played an effective and necessary role in their lives. The aim of this study is examining these necessary elements. The first step is studying the impact of green spaces in the human lives and the result determines that green spaces are really effective while the effects include: psychological effects, cultural effects and sociology effects. The psychological effects consist of mental and emotional, physical and aesthetic impacts. In addition to spiritual, psychological and relaxing effects of being in nature or green spaces, Peterborough Gary, scientifically pointed an issue called “fitoneseid”. Trees such as walnut and pine release this substance into the atmosphere, which can make people happier while it is able to keep the two sides of the brain in a balance and make it calm and relaxed. In addition to pointed factors, the impact of colours of places on the users cannot be ignored. The colours are able to effect on human’s emotions and their different cognitive aspects. Red colour probably attracts much more attention than other colours so it makes people feel more activate, while green colour probably attracts less attention and can keep people calm and relaxed. About the physical effects of colours, there is an explanation: People who are working in industrial societies do exercise much less than others. Therefore for increasing physical activities, it is necessary to encourage people to exercise more. Attractive places, such as green spaces can encourage people to take part in these useful activities. For example, “Rajer Olrikh” based on a research on psychological effects of trees and green spaces on the patients’ recovery period at hospitals has realized that it is impossible to shorten the period of hospitalization by using the impact of green spaces. In the relation between those items, studies have presented that living in nature and natural spaces can create a positive impact on human’s cardiovascular function and decrease the stresses while being in nature will decrease the heart rate and make the body tissues relax, reduce blood pressure and increase the electrical conductivity of skin. Also, sociology and cultural effects lead to improve the social interaction and social relations of people living in residential complexes. This part requires a short explanation: Green spaces prepare the sense of social spaces and let people learn from each other, also let them show their personal and social talents and improve their spiritual aspects. Totally the green spaces prepare an atmosphere for the users to feel freedom and independence, while it is not provided at home or at office. Green spaces bring the natural environment into the urban environment and are able to change the harsh and artificial context of the city to a relaxing and pleasure atmosphere. Green spaces make a deep relation between people of society and natural environment, therefore make the city more habitable and more tolerable, which are basic factors for a sustainable society. In this article two samples of high residential complexes in Tehran are going to be studied, such as: Ekbatan residential complex and Navvab residential complex. Because of increasing the amount of buildings in this years and the lack of paying attention to human’s needs in high residential buildings and the effect of it on the user’s life quality and the importance of caring about residence’s spiritual needs, the green spaces must be considered more than before. Analyzing the satisfaction of these two building users with different amount of green spaces expresses: - There is a relation between increasing the amount of green spaces and satisfaction of people living in residential complexes.- Due to the style of group life or collective life in residential complexes, the green space is considered as an important element in increasing the social interaction and connection between the residences in this residential buildings.- Not also the green spaces positively effect on human’s spiritual aspects, but also they effect on their life-styles and behaviours, so the life quality and people satisfaction will increase.- The index of satisfaction of green spaces impact in Ekbatan residential complex is more than Navvab residential complex. It means that in the last years, people in these built and designed complexes have paid less attention to green spaces which can be an inseparable part of human lives.

It is difficult to live in a residential complex without cooperation and organizing collective action. Ignoring the importance of cooperation deactivates the effects of small and scattered investments of the residents, wastes small endeavors and collective assets and brings about an unsecure environment for individuals. As a result, it has been attempted to investigate residents’ perceptions of cooperation and its components through Grounded theory and interviewing residential complexes’ residents in Mashad city. Thus, Laleh residential compex was studied in the present research from different aspects and angels. Therefore, 35 semi- structured interviews were carried out. On the basis of the analysis of findings within the research paradigm, it was found that fragile cooperation constituted the core. Constraining structure was presented as the underlying conditions. The structures people may be able to influence but they have no control over them. Individual charactersitics such cooperation evasion, interactional gap, negativitism, and weak central control are among the causal conditions that lead to “fragile cooperation”. The consequences of such interactions is that even if clear norms and rules prevail in the complex and that there is a descipline in the complex, these conditions are very unstable. And in case there are few number of free riders, the mentioned common good can be easily lost.

Introduction: Carney Complex is an autosomal dominant syndrome that is defined with different tumors including myxoma in different organs, endocrine tumors and lentiginosis lesions. This is the first case report of this syndrome from Iran.Case: The patient is a 27 year old girl, referred with flank pain. Physical examination revealed hirsutism, truncal obesity, hyperpigmantasion and hypertension; Cushing's syndrome was suggested and confirmed with related classic biochemical tests. She had history of cardiac myxoma during her childhood and had been operated twice.Pituitary microadenoma and right adrenal adenoma were reported on MRI and CT-scan, respectively. Initially laparascopic right adrenalectomy was done; as expected, no remission in signs of Cushing's syndrome was observed after surgery. By laparoscopic adrenalectomy of the other site, Cushing's syndrome resolved. Pathologic report of 1st operation was adrenal adenoma with surrounding pigmented micronodular hyperplasia and of the 2nd one was just pigmented micronodular hyperplasia.Conclusion: We have reported a patient with Carney syndrome along with Cushing's syndrome due to bilateral adrenal hyperplasia and an adenoma in contralateral adrenal and microadenoma of the pituitary as an incidentaloma. This is a new presentation of Carney syndrome.

The need for urban housing is dependent on the population. In recent years due to increasing population and demand on the one hand, and rising land prices, on the other hand, tend to take advantage of dense inexpensive housing increased. Besides increasing tendency on urbanization in large cities, especially Tehran, leading to increased demand for housing complexes with a large number of adverse effects resulting from it. In recent years, dense and cheap projects with the aim of providing low-income housing in most cities was defined and expanded. Despite the rapid pace of construction projects and the demand for them was high but, in a short time was little demand for them. Not coordinated design of housing with residents, infrastructure failure, poor planning, poor access, and many architectural design conditions, including problems with them. In this study, the principles and criteria of good quality of housing and residential environment are examined. Finally, a comparative analysis of the qualitative characteristics of architectural design, an example of a project of building a residential complex built around Tehran in Melbourne (Australia) has been studied. Finally, a sample of projects in Tehran were selected and were analyzed through a questionnaire survey, qualitative characteristics design with the residential complex located in Melbourne, Australia, named Mazz building. The results showed that in evaluating the success of the future of a residential complex, the quality of architectural design plays an important role in addition to other factors. As the results, it can be desirable to build of housing and raising the quality design the planning, design and construction of houses for the middle class to be used.

Legibility concept added to the terminology of the spatial quality after Kavin Lynche's efforts. However, extensive research is done regarding this concept in different disciplines the legibility has less been studied as an individual subject of study. Even though legibility is introduced as a perception-related concept, the intention to define tangible measures for legibility has led to a concentration on physical characteristics. However, if we consider spectators` imagination as the criteria to assess legibility over the physical image, then other factors that affect legibility could be found. This research aims to define a comprehensive and multi-faceted indicator of legibility based on the mental imagination. The research question is, what is the perceptual process of creating a clear, coherent image of the environment in the observer's mind? This is qualitative research that uses a content analysis method to develop a conceptual framework that explains the relationship among the mental imagination criteria and utilizes logical reasoning to connect those criteria to the legibility concept. Then, evaluating it in a quantitative framework within a residential complex through survey, questionnaire, and confirmatory factor analysis in LISREL software, while elaborating its theoretical framework for the validity of legibility assessment. The results showed a correlation between the data and the validity between the components. They indicated the simultaneous effect of spatial, temporal, and emotional layers on the perception of the physical environment. Therefore, the perceived legibility of the physical environment, in addition to the creation of spatial imagination, is subject to the nature of temporal and emotional mental imagery.

In addition to providing shelter, the house is a complex created to provide various services and supply the needs of residents. Paying attention to meet satisfaction is significantly vital while determining the residence location. Residential satisfaction is obtained when a person’ s needs are met by the place. Since people are the most fundamental factor in architecture, considering residential satisfaction and investigating the influential factors in its improvement is vital for the architects and designers. The criteria for estimating satisfaction in four aspects of physical, human, functional, and contextual were considered in the current paper to investigate satisfaction improvement and its influential factors. Various and influential factors on satisfaction are studied using this comprehensive classification, and studying sub-sets of each one of these aspects includes an extensive range of the effective factors on residential satisfaction. A questionnaire was distributed in the Elahieh Residential Complex to study these factors better. The reason for selecting this complex was their retired and employed academic residents that are gathered in a complex from different parts of Tehran. Therefore, they have different tastes and perspectives. First, satisfaction and its influential factors were studied. Then, the questionnaire was analyzed, and the influential factors on satisfaction were ranked. According to the obtained results, the physical aspects such as green space, accesses, collective space, landscape and view, and the dimensions of the residential units are of the most importance. Then, the contextual aspects (Hygiene and complex maintenance, preferring living in a complex to a single house), human aspects (social interactions and neighborhood), and functional aspects (recreational-commercial services and facilities) are ranked, respectively.

The present study aims at identifying factors affecting children's happiness in the open spaces of residential complexes. Happiness, as a multidimensional phenomenon, includes social (positive relationships with others), emotional (experience of positive emotions), and cognitive (satisfaction) dimensions, which interact to shape the overall experience of happiness. In terms of purpose, the research is applied, in terms of type, it is quantitative, and in terms of method, it is survey-based and descriptive-analytical. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation, one-sample t-test, and regression analysis in SPSSv.24. The results of the Pearson correlation test, with a coefficient of 0.639, confirmed the research hypothesis that there is a positive and direct relationship between the environmental-physical qualities of open spaces in residential complexes and children's happiness. The highest correlation was found for environmental legibility and clarity (0.633), followed by green space (0.577). The predictability of happiness based on environmental factors was determined through regression analysis. The results showed that variables such as the vehicular movement system (0.169) and physical environmental amenities (0.177) had an indirect effect on happiness, while other variables, such as environmental legibility and clarity (direct effect 0.271 and indirect effect 0.232), green space (direct effect 0.366 and indirect effect 0.189), and pedestrian access (direct effect 0.218 and indirect effect 0.203), had both direct and indirect effects. The findings indicate that children prefer activity and dynamism in the environment over pre-determined facilities for experiencing satisfaction and happiness. Therefore, future research may focus on investigating children's preferred activities in the open spaces of residential complexes and identifying the necessary environmental capabilities for these activities.